2023年9月12日 星期二

C. 營建工程常用專有名詞中英對照

 

http://www2.nkfust.edu.tw/~ypke/CE/data/appendixC.htm

C. 營建工程常用專有名詞中英對照

一、建築空間(Architecture Space

1.         車道 parking ramp;停車場 parking lotcarpark

2.         大廳 lobby;交誼大廳 social plaza

3.         商場 shopping mall;店面 shopfrontstorefront

4.         美食廣場 food court

5.         走道 aisle;門廊 gallery

6.         陽台 balcony;露台 terrace

7.         瞭望台 observatory

8.         樓梯間 staircase;太平梯 emergency stair

9.         排煙室 exhaust room

10.    電梯昇降道 hoist way;電梯機坑 elevator pit

11.    廁所 toiletrestroom;茶水間 kitchen

12.    機房 machine room

13.    受變電室 power substation;配電室 power distribution room

14.    水箱 water tank

15.    夾層 mezzanine

16.    會議室 conference

17.    儲藏室 storage room

18.    管道間 shaft

19.    (工地外圍的)臨時板牆 site boarding

20.    直昇機坪 helicopter pad

21.    天井、中庭 atrium

22.    天窗、採光罩 skylight

23.    雨庇 canopy

24.    天橋 sky-bridge

25.    欄杆 balustrade

26.    尖塔 pinnacle

27.    健身房 fitness center

 

二、基礎工程、地質調查

1.         放樣 layout

2.         安全圍籬 fence

3.         連續壁 diaphragm wall

4.         導溝(牆) guide ditchwall

5.         皂土 bentonite

6.         特密管 tremie pipe

7.         鋼筋籠 steel cage;鋼筋續接器 coupler

8.         MHL工法 Masago hydraulic long-bucket

9.         超音波測試 ultra sonic test

10.    監測系統 monitoring system

11.    傾斜儀 inclinometer

12.    水壓計 Piezometerwater pressure cell

13.    鋼筋計 rebar stressmeter

14.    水位觀測井 observational well;地下水位 underground water table

15.    安全支撐 strutting;角托架 bracket;支撐應力 strut axial force

16.    鋼筋應力計 rebar stress meter;土壓計 earth pressure cell

17.    沉陷釘 settlement point;隆起桿 heave stake

18.    整地 grading;開挖 excavation

19.    推土機 bulldozer;挖溝機 backhoe;鑽掘機 driller

20.    筏式基礎 raft foundation

21.    高壓噴射灌漿 jet grouting

22.    中間樁 king post;橫板條 waling strip;鋼板樁 sheet pile

23.    施工構台 working platform;覆工鈑 deck

24.    油壓千金頂 hydraulic jack

25.    托底工法 underpinning

26.    地錨荷重計 load cell

27.    打擊式基樁 driven pile;鑽掘式基樁 bored pile

28.    樁錘 pile hammer;樁帽 caplock;樁墊 cushion

29.    地錨 earth anchor;岩錨 rock anchor;土釘 soil nail

30.    加勁土 reinforced earth;地質改良 soil improvement

31.    隆起 heaving;管湧 piping;點井 well point

32.    地工織物 geotextile

33.    新奧工法 new Austrian tunneling method

34.    推管工法 jacking method

35.    管幕工法 pipe roof method

36.    潛盾隧道工法 shield tunneling method

37.    鑽炸工法 drilling and blasting

38.    反循環場鑄基樁 reversed circulation cast-in-place pile

39.    圓錐貫入試驗 cone penetration test

40.    最佳含水量 optimum moisture content

41.    預力鋼鍵地錨 pre-stressed ground anchor

42.    逆打工法 top-down construction method

43.    eps工法 expandable poly styrolene

44.    全球定位系統 global positioning system

45.    /逆斷層 normal/reverse fault;活動斷層 active faults

46.    摺皺 folds;節理 joint;層理 stratification

47.    沖積層 alluvium;洪積層 diluvium;崩積土 colluvium

48.    向斜層 syncline;背斜層 anticline;走向 strike

49.    岩體 rock mass;岩材 rock material

50.    傾角 dip;傾向 dip direction

51.    透地雷達 ground penetrating radar

52.    岩漿 magma;熔岩 lava;玄武岩 basalt;安山岩 andesite

53.    砂岩 sandstone;石灰岩 limestone;泥岩 mudstone;頁岩 shale

54.    花崗岩 granite;大理岩 marble;片麻岩 gneiss

55.    沉積岩 sedimentary rock;變質岩 metamorphic rock

56.    土石流 debris;泥流 mudflow;土流 earthflow

57.    風化 weathering;泥縫 seam

58.    壩址 dam-site;淹沒區 impounded area;集水區 catchment area

59.    岩體品質判定 RQDrock quality designation

60.    岩體評分 RMRrock mass rating

61.    標準劈管取樣 standard split-spoon sampling

62.    薄管取樣 thin wall tube sampling

 

三、結構工程

1.         鋼筋混凝土 reinforced concrete;預拌混凝土 pre-mixed concrete

2.         初凝 initial set;終凝 final set

3.         坍度 slump;流度 flowability;可泵度 pumpability

4.         細度 fineness;健度 soundness

5.         析離 segregation;泌水 bleeding

6.         搗固(實) tamping;震動機 vibrator

7.         水灰比 water-cement ratio;水膠比 water-colloid ratio

8.         伸縮縫 expansion joint;施工縫 construction joint

9.         試體 cylinder;樣本 specimen

10.    止水帶 water stop

11.    摻料、摻劑 admixture;養護劑 curing compound

12.    壓送泵 concrete pump

13.    拌合廠 batch plant

14.    鋼筋 rebarreinforcement;紮筋鐵絲 binding wire

15.    間隔器 spacer;保護層 protective cover

16.    異形鋼筋 deformed bar;圓鋼筋 plain bar

17.    搭接 lap splicing

18.    塑膠墊 plastic bar

19.    箍筋 stirrup

20.    點焊鋼絲網 welded wire mesh

21.    模板 formwork;模板桁條 joist

22.    清潔口 access opening

23.    繫結器 form tie;模板支撐 strut

24.    鷹架 scaffold

25.    鋼結構 steel structure

26.    鋼板 steel plate;角鐵 angle;槽鐵 channel

27.    防火披覆 fireproofing;防火時效 fire rate

28.    蛭石 vermiculite;石綿 asbestos

29.    高張力螺栓 high tension bolts;錨定螺栓 anchor bolts

30.    剪力釘 shear stud

31.    製造 fabrication;組立 assemble;吊裝 erection

32.    焊接 welding

33.    噴砂 sand blasting;油漆 painting;補漆 touch up

34.    柱內隔板 column diaphragm plate

35.    搭接板 splice plate;加勁板 stiffener

36.    大樑/小樑 girder/beam

37.    斜撐 bracing

38.    翼板 flange;腹板 web

39.    樑穿孔 beam penetration

40.    套管 sleeve

41.    箱型柱 box column

42.    組合型鋼 built-up section;熱軋型鋼 rolled section

43.    對焊 groove weld;填角焊 fillet weld

44.    槽焊 slot weld;塞焊 plug weld

45.    鑽孔 drilling;衝孔 punching

46.    跨距 span

47.    預拱 camber

48.    勁度 stiffness;韌性 ductile

49.    位移 drift

50.    地震損害 seismic damage

51.    風洞試驗 wind tunnel test

52.    剛性架構 rigid frame

53.    輕型鋼 light gage steel

54.    非破壞試驗 non-destructive test

55.    淬火/回火 quenched/tempered

56.    繫板/繫條 tie plate/lacing

57.    殘留應力 residual stress

58.    潛弧焊 submerged arc weldingSAW

59.    被覆金屬電弧焊 shielded metal arc weldingSMAW

60.    氣體金屬電弧焊 gas metal arc weldingGMAW

61.    包藥焊線電弧焊 flux cored arc weldingFCAW

62.    電熔渣焊 electroslag weldingESW

63.    電氣焊 electrogas weldingEGW

64.    植釘焊 stud weldingSW

65.    拼接 splice;疊接 lap splice

66.    薄殼 thin shell;摺版 fold plate

67.    埋置長 embedment length

68.    圍束區 confined region

69.    接頭補強鐵板 gusset plate

70.    消能阻尼器 damper;隔震器 isolator;支承墊 bearing pad

71.    懸臂工法 cantilever construction

72.    支撐先進法 advanced shoring method

73.    節塊推進法 increment launching method

74.    柱頭版 pier table

 

四、裝修工程

1.         水泥粉刷 cement finish;泥作 masonry;鐵鏝刀 steel trowel

2.         磚牆 brick wall;空心磚牆 concrete block wall

3.         花崗石 granite;大理石 marble

4.         光面 polished finish;燒面 flamed finish

5.         殘障坡道 handicap ramp;止滑條 non slip nosing

6.         爬梯 ladder;扶手 handrail

7.         整體粉光 monolithic finish;硬化地坪 hardness finish

8.         煙灰碟 ash tray;給皂機 soap dispenser

9.         防火門 fire door;鐵捲門 roller shutter

10.    門框 door frame;門楣 transom

11.    門檻 threshold;門側柱 jamb

12.    窗櫺、直料 mullion;窗台 sill

13.    馬桶 water closet;小便斗 urinal

14.    石膏板 gypsum board;礦纖板 mineral fiber board

15.    矽酸鈣板 calcium silicate board;輕隔間 dry wall

16.    方塊地毯 carpet tile;塑膠地磚 vinyl tile

17.    高架地板 accessed floor raised floor

18.    鋁企口天花 aluminum slat ceiling

19.    磁磚 ceramic tile

20.    明架 exposed;半明架 recessed;暗架 hinted grid

21.    屋脊 ridge;屋簷 eave;天溝 gutter

22.    泛水 flashing;收邊 trim

23.    防(洪)水閘門 flood gate

24.    山牆 end wall;側牆 side wall

25.    水平校正直線 alignment;垂直校正直線 plumbing

26.    斜角 bevelchamferhaunch

27.    毛絲面 hair line finish

28.    乳膠漆 emulsion paint;水泥漆 cement mortar paint

29.    凡立水 varnish;調和漆 ready mixed paint

30.    磁漆 enamel pain;壓克力漆 acrylic lacquer

31.    酸洗 pickling;噴砂 sand blasting

32.    水性 water-based;水溶性 water soluble

33.    紅丹漆 red lead paint;鋅鉻黃底漆 zinc chromate primer

34.    伐鏽底漆 wash primer;無機鋅粉底漆 inorganic zinc rich primer

35.    環氧鋅粉底漆 epoxy zinc rich primer;環氧樹脂面漆 epoxy topcoat

36.    烤漆 baking enamel

37.    銀粉噴漆 metallic lacquer;透明噴漆 clear lacquer

38.    亮光 high-gloss;平光 flat

39.    /油性補土 emulsion/oil putty

40.    耐熱漆 heat resisting paint;路線漆 traffic paint

41.    防霉漆 anti-mildew emulsion paint

 

五、帷幕牆工程(Curtain Wall

1.         直橫料系統 stick wall system

2.         單元化系統 unitized system

3.         窗間牆系統 spandrel system

4.         複合式系統 composite system

5.         外觀、正面 facade

6.         玻璃安裝 glazing

7.         層間板 spandrel

8.         笠木 coping;金屬包板 closure

9.         收邊料 trim;披水板 flashing

10.    錨定、二次鐵件 anchor

11.    一次鐵件 kicker

12.    托架 bracket

13.    預埋件 embed

14.    繫件、固定件 fastener

15.    自攻螺絲 self-drill screw;尖頭螺絲 tapping screw

16.    公差 tolerance;餘裕 allowance

17.    填縫材 caulking sealant

18.    裝飾線板 moulding

19.    實體模型 mock up

20.    工程品質 workrnanship

21.    防風雨條 whether strip

22.    藍圖/原圖 blue print/sepia .

23.    施工大樣圖 shop detail drawing

24.    強化玻璃 tempered glass

25.    膠合玻璃 laminated glass

26.    層間玻璃隔層 spandrel panel frit

27.    玻璃墊 setting block

28.    反射玻璃 reflective glass

29.    眺望玻璃 vision glass

30.    透明光學玻璃 vision light glass

31.    熱浸鍍鋅 hot dipped galvanized

32.    塗料修飾 touchup

33.    尿烷 urethane(氨基甲酸乙酯)

34.    氣泡 sponge/blister

35.    肖氏硬度 durometer shore

36.    固定框 retaining member

37.    豎框 mullion;橫檔/橫楣 transom;側框 jamb

38.    底槽 starter track

39.    隔件 spacer;夾片(薄) shim

40.    浮式 float glass;平板玻璃 plate glass

41.    退火 annealed

42.    羽狀煙痕 smoke vane

43.    硬化玻璃 heat-strengthened glass

44.    坡口 bevel

45.    雪花碎裂 flake chip

46.    粗碎裂 rough chip

47.    鱗紋 ripple

48.    波紋 wave

49.    中空玻璃 insulating glass

50.    聚異丁烯 polyisobutylene

51.    樓板玻璃 spandrel area

52.    垂直中框 mullion framing

53.    滴水盤 drip pan

54.    檻板 sill

55.    表面塗層 finishing;二度塗層 topcoat

56.    凹陷 sage

57.    風乾 air-drying

58.    下捲板 downturn

59.    下端吊板 soffit

60.    氯丁橡膠片 neoprene sheet;氯丁橡膠壓條 neoprene gasket

61.    粉化 chalking

62.    排水泡綿 weep baffles/open cell urethane foam

63.    埋頭式螺絲 countersunk type screw

64.    錨拉桿 anchor tie

65.    挫屈 buckling;潛變 creep

66.    凸起 bulging

67.    紋理 texture

68.    結構矽利康 structural silicone

69.    硫化聚合系 polysulfide

70.    污染性試驗 staining test

71.    擠型 extrusion shape

72.    立板 upstand

73.    配件 accessories

74.    拉索條 tieback

75.    色域標準 color range standard

76.    PVDF (polyvinylide-nefluoride) 氟碳樹酯

77.    PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) 聚四氟碳樹酯;(teflon)

78.    MEK 丁酮

 

六、景觀、土木、道路工程

1.         緣石 curb;人行道 sidewalk

2.         /排水溝 ditch/trench

3.         路基基層 sub-base course;路基底層 base course

4.         透層 asphalt prime coat;黏層 asphalt tack coat

5.         AC路面 asphalt concrete pavement

6.         抽水 interim pumping;降水 dewatering;集水井 catch basin

7.         高架道路 viaduct;胸牆 parapet

8.         箱涵 culvert

9.         衛生管 sanitary piping;化糞池 septic tank

10.    通氣管道 ventilation shaft

11.    變電站 bulk supply substation

12.    人孔 man hole;手孔 hand hole;鑄鐵蓋板 cast iron grate

13.    花台 planter box;灑水器 sprinkler

14.    挖土 excavation;回填 backfill;級配 grade

15.    小石 pebble;礫石 gravel;圓石 boulder

16.    不織布 non-woven fabric;排水 drainage

17.    防水 waterproofing;防水膜 membrane

18.    草本植物 herbage;草地 turf;灌木 shrub

19.    管線設施 utilities

20.    落水頭 rainwater head

 

七、電氣、消防、給排水工程

1.         連續供電系統 ( CPS ) continuous power system

2.         不斷電系統 ( UPS ) un-interrupted power system

3.         電力及電氣系統 power and electric system

4.         消防系統 fire protection system

5.         給排水系統 plumbing system

6.         串聯電路 series circuit;並聯電路 parallel circuit

7.         直流電 DC;交流電 AC

8.         無熔絲開關 no fuse Brake ( NFB )

9.         電壓 voltage;電阻 resistance

10.    電線架 cable tray

11.    拉接線盒 pull and junction boxes

12.    開關 switch;出線盒 outlet boxes

13.    變電站 substation;分電盤 panel-board

14.    匯流排 bus way;匯流排槽 bus duct

15.    接地 grounding

16.    變壓器 transformer;變頻器 adjustable frequency drives

17.    安定器 ballasts

18.    發電機並聯盤 emergency generator &itch gear

19.    避雷系統 lighting protection system

20.    火災警報及語音防災系統 fire alarm and voice evacuation system

21.    加壓泵 booster pump

22.    水封 seal;存水彎 trap

23.    光通量 luminous flux;流明 lumen

24.    照度 illumination;勒克斯 lux;輝度 brightness

 

八、空調工程

1.         直接數位控制 direct digital control

2.         區域網路 LAN

3.         資料集線器 HUB/concentrator

4.         冰水主機 chiller;冷卻水塔 cooling tower

5.         螺旋式冰水主機 spiral/rotary screw chiller

6.         離心式冰水主機 centrifugal chiller

7.         熱交換器 heat exchanger

8.         儲冰槽 ice storage tank;儲冰盤管 ice storage coil

9.         空調箱 air handling unit

10.    風機盤管機 fan coil unit (F. C. unit)

11.    可變風量 variable air volume ( VAV )

12.    變風量端機 VAV Box

13.    風管 air duct;風機 fan

14.    保溫 insulation

15.    地板誘導式系統 under floor induction system

16.    基座 pad

17.    水泵 pump

18.    帶型吊架 band type hanger;條型吊架 strap hanger

19.    u型吊架 adjustable clevis hanger

20.    風量閘門 volume damper;分歧閘門 splitter damper

21.    順風片 turning vane;導風片 air deflector

22.    軟接頭 flexible connection

23.    測孔 duct test hole

24.    外週區空調箱 PAHU ( perimeter AHU )

25.    外殼負荷 skin load

26.    核心區域 core area;內部區域 interior spaces

 

九、中央監控、保全

1.         大樓網路整合系統 (BINS) building integrated network system

2.         設施管理 (FMCS) facility management control system

3.         閉路電視系統 (CCTV)

4.         大樓自動化系統 (BAS) building automatic system

5.         門禁及安全系統 (PAS)

6.         保全 security

 

十、設備、雜項工程

1.         電梯 elevator;扶梯 escalator

2.         洗窗機 gondolawindow washing machine

3.         卸貨平台 dock

4.         輸送帶 conveyer;輸送機 down waiter

 

十一、營建管理(Construction Management

1.         興建、經營、轉移 B.O.T: build operate transfer

2.         政府採購協定 GPA: government purchasing association

3.         計畫評核術 PERT: program evaluation and review technique

4.         要徑法 CPM: critical path method

5.         箭線圖 arrow;結點圖 node diagram

6.         浮時 float time;干擾浮時 interfering float

7.         分工結構圖 WBS: work breakdown structure

8.         全面品管 TQC: total quality control

9.         價值工程 VE: value engineering

10.    價值工程變更提議 VECP : value engineering change proposal

11.    現場改善建議 FMP: field modification proposal

12.    現場零星變更 FCR: field change request

13.    潛在變更設計 PCO: potential change orders

14.    現場施工未符合報告 NCR : non -conformance report

15.    口頭指示確認 CVI: conformance of verbal instruction

16.    專家系統 ES: expert system

17.    人工智慧 AI: artificial intelligence

18.    分散式資料庫管理系統 distributed data base management system

19.    工地生產力 job-site productivity

20.    可行性研究 feasibility study;施工性 constructability

21.    定額承包契約 fixed price contracts

22.    成本加報酬契約 cost-reimbursement contractscost-plus-fee contract

23.    統包契約 turnkey contractsall in contracts

24.    總價承包契約 lump-sum contracts

25.    單價承包契約 unit-price contracts

26.    數量精算式總價承包契約 measure and value contracts

27.    管理契約 management contracts

28.    補充條款 supplementary conditions

29.    不平衡標 unbalanced bids

30.    性能規範 performance specification.

31.    資格預審 prequalification

32.    投標保證、押標金 bid bond

33.    履約保證 performance bond;違約金 default penalty

34.    付款保證 payment bond;預付款保證 advanced payment guarantee

35.    保留款保證 retention bond;保固保證 maintenance bond

36.    保證書 guaranty;保證額度 bonding capacity

37.    棄權書 waiver

38.    委任書 power of attorney

39.    合作備忘錄 memorandum of understanding

40.    債權人 obligee;擔保人 surety;被保人 principal

41.    施工計劃 method statement

42.    保留款 retain age

43.    缺失表 punch list

44.    廠樣圖 shop drawings

45.    特性要因圖 characteristic diagram

46.    估定額 assessed amount

47.    發包 procurement

48.    PDCA plan-do-check-action ( 計劃-執行-查核-處置 )

49.    BCWS budgeted cost for work scheduled (預訂施工進度或合約請款金額)

50.    BCWP budgeted cost for work performed (實際施工進度、可動用預算金額)

51.    ACWP actual cost for work performed ( 實支成本 )

52.    EV earned value 實績、可動用預算金額

53.    SV Schedule Variation 進度差異 ( =BCWPBCWS )

54.    CV cost variation 成本差異 ( =BCWPACWP )

55.    CPI cost performance index 成本績效指數 ( =BCWP/ACWP )

56.    SPI schedule performance index 進度績效指數 ( =BCWP/BCWS )

57.    監工 supervisor engineer;工地主任 superintendent

58.    匯合點 merge;分歧點 burst point

59.    橫線工程表 bar chartgantt chart

60.    RAMPS resource allocation and multi project scheduling

61.    直接成本 activity direct cost;趕工成本 crash cost

62.    成本曲線 cost curve;成本斜率 cost slope

63.    準備金 contingency

64.    日程計劃 scheduling;追查管制 follow up

65.    捷徑施工 fast tracking construction

66.    常態分佈 normal distribution

67.    管制圖 control chart

68.    散佈圖 scatter diagram

69.    不良率 fraction defective

70.    經常費 overhead charge

71.    腦力激盪 brain storming

72.    要因分析 factor analysis

73.    集團分析 cluster analysis

74.    回歸分析 regression analysis

75.    判別分析 discriminating analysis

76.    折舊 depreciation;現值 present value;現金流量 cash flow

77.    安全與衛生 safety and hygiene

78.    工具箱會議 tool box meeting

79.    仲裁條款 arbitration clause;協商談判 negotiation

80.    索賠 claim

 

十二、自然生態工程

1.         自然工程 nature working methodeco-engineering method

2.         植生工法 vegetation engineering

3.         水土保持 soil and water conservation

4.         隔籠檔土牆 crib retaining wall

5.         砌塊石 stone masonry

6.         舖塊石 stone pitching

7.         板狀柵工 plate hurdle works

8.         帶狀工法 ground still

9.         河岸綠化 riverside planting

10.    蛇籠工 wire cylinder

11.    環境護岸 embankment landscaping

12.    環境指標 environmental indication

13.    親水護岸 amenity embankment

14.    柳枝條工法 wicker works

15.    馴化 acclimation

16.    適應 adaptation

17.    相剋作用 毒他作用 ) allelopathy

18.    生物族群 biotic association

19.    景觀生態學 landscape ecology

20.    個體生態學 auto ecology

21.    生物歧異度 species diversity

22.    生物需氧量 biological oxygen demand: BOD

23.    生物量 biomass

24.    緩衝帶 buffer strip

25.    負載能力 carry capacity

26.    極向 climax

27.    植物社會 plant community

28.    生態學 ecology;生態系 ecosystem

29.    生態考量 ecological approach

30.    生活型 life form

31.    水岸 water front

32.    再生 regeneration

33.    親水 water accessibility

34.    河川廊道 river corridor

35.    遷徙廊道 migration corridor

沒有留言:

張貼留言